Sickle cell disease is a hereditary hemoglobinopathy characterized by the partial or complete replacement of normal hemoglobinand abnormal hemoglobin S in red blood cells. This causes occlusion of small blood vessels, ischemia, and damage to affected organs. This is an autosomal recessive disorder meaning if both parents have the trait the child has a 25% chance of having this disease. In the most common type ofSCD, the hemoglobin in the RBC acquires an elongated crescent or sickle shape. The sickle cells are rigid and obstruct capillary blood flow. Microscopic obstructions lead to engorgement and tissue ischemia. The tissue hypoxia causes further sickling and ultimately large infarctions. Organ tissues then become damaged by infarctions, leading to scarring andimpaired function by 2-3 months of age. Many children undergo splenectomy leading to severely compromised immunity. Infection rate is high because of this impaired immunity. A stroke is a serious complicationthat sickle cell patients can experience as well as acute chest syndrome, kidney damage, and gallstone formation. Sickling can be triggered by fever, hypoxia, emotion or physical stress. Precipitating factors are increased blood viscosity, hypoxia, or low oxygen tension (Ball et al., 2016).